AK 112 Lot 132Egypt,
AV tetradrachm (282–272 BC),
King Ptolemy II and Queen Arsinoe II.
Condition: ef+.
Video highlight: Watch now!
Estimate: 2.500 EUR

AK 113 Lot 299Banknotes of the Bank Deutscher Länder.
50 Deutsche Mark n. d. (1948-1949) "Liberty".
Condition: extremely rare, I.
Estimate: 9.000 EUR

AK 112 Lot 5Gallia Belgica,
AV Stater (1st century BC).
Treveri, so-called "eye stater."
Condition: vf-ef.
Estimate: 2.900 EUR

AK 112 Lot 296Roman Republic,
Julius Caesar.
AR Denarius (44 BC), Rome.
Condition: very rare, beautiful patina, vf.
Estimate: 2.500 EUR

AK 112 Lot 1427Italy/Tuscany,
Leopold I of Habsburg-Lorraine (1765–1790).
Francescone (10 Paoli) 1772, Florence.
Condition: magnificent specimen, rare, vf/ef.
Estimate: 1.850 EUR

AK 112 Lot 1632United States of America.
50 Cents 1951, Philadelphia.
Condition: PCGS MS 67 FBL.
Estimate: 1.500 EUR

AK 112 Lot 2512Bavaria.
3 Marks 1918
"Royal Wedding in Bavaria".
Condition: unc.
Video highlight: Watch it now!
Estimate: 39.000 EUR

AK 113 Lot 66Poland, Duchy of Warsaw.
1 Thaler, December 1, 1810.
Condition: III–IV.
Estimate: 1.500 EUR

AK 113 Lot 198German Reich.
1 billion marks, 15.12.1922.
Inflation-era banknotes,
unknown in the literature.
Condition: RRR, I.
Estimate: 800 EUR

AK 113 Lot 474German overseas banks,
Deutsch-Asiatische Bank.
10 Tael, 01.03.1907, Tientsin.
DRUCKPROBE.
Condition: very rare, restored.
Estimate: 2.000 EUR
Archive: People and Markets

How the Romans Made Counterfeits

Counterfeits have been around in ancient Roman times, too. Romans made counterfeit cast coins from a copper-tin alloy. The alloy imitates the appearance of real silver coins. In an interdisciplinary research project at the University of Tübingen (Germany), the production process of these counterfeits has been successfully reconstructed for the first time.

The steps involved ranged from pressing coins into clay moulds to imprint the shape of the coin, to melting the components of the alloy up to the actual casting process. Thanks to the results of the experimental project, we can now better understand the phenomenon of counterfeit coins in the Roman Empire.

PD Dr. Stefan Krmnicek provides his numismatic perspective to the interdisciplinary project.

PD Dr. Stefan Krmnicek provides his numismatic perspective to the interdisciplinary project.

The interdisciplinary team consists of:

  • Alexander Zimmermann of Schmiede und Schlosserei Zimmermann (a blacksmith’s workshop), Pliezhausen,
  • Annette Flicker and Dr. Christoph Berthold of the Competence Center Archaeometry- Baden-Wuerttemberg CCA-BW, University of Tübingen, and
  • Rebecca Sandbichler, Mona Hähnle and PD Dr. Stefan Krmnicek from the Institute of Classical Archaeology, University of Tübingen

The work was documented on film. The result can be seen on the official YouTube channel of the University of Tübingen. The video is in German, but has professional English subtitles.

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