Livonian Order. Gotthard Kettler, 1559-1561.
2 1/2 Ducats n. d., mint probably Riga.
Extremely rare.
Almost extremely fine.


Elizabeth I, 1558-1603.
Sovereign n. d., (1584-1586), London.
Very rare.
Slightly bent, almost extremely fine.


Mustafa III, 1757-1774.
2 Zeri Mahbub 1757/1758 (= 1171 AH), Misr (Kairo)
Ziynet pattern.
Very rare.
Holed, almost extremely fine.


Carlos III, 1759-1788.
8 Escudos 1764, NR-JV,
Santa Fe de Nuevo Reino (Bogota).
NGC AU58.
Rare. Extremely fine.


Bankportugalöser in the weight of 10 Ducats 1689,
by J. Reteke, on the major European banking cities of
Amsterdam, Hamburg, Nuremberg, and Venice.
NGC MS63 PL. Very rare.
Extremely fine-uncirculated.


Penny 1919.
Copper-nickel pattern of the “Kookaburra Penny”
by C. D. Richardson for Stokes & Sons. Extremely rare.
PCGS SP 61.
Tiny edge faults, extremely fine.


Vereenigde Amsterdamsche Compagnie.
1/2 Daalder in the weight of 4 Reales 1601, Dordrecht.
Extremely rare. Fine patina,
very fine-extremely fine.


5 Gulden type 1846.
Highest rarity (RRRR).
PMG Choice Very Fine 35.


Archive: People and Markets
The Numismatic Index on 11 May 2023
The numismatic index numindex transparently shows how the prices of selected coins change over time. In the style of a stock index, it was designed for collectors who consider their collection an investment. Find out about the current state of the index.
2023 Was a Record Year for Archaeological Finds in the UK
The British Museum has launched the latest Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) Annual Report, showing a record high of 74,506 finds recorded by the public in 2023. See some of the highlights here.
Archive: Coins, Medals and more

French History in Coins – Part 2: From the Second Republic to the Second Empire
In the 19th century, people in France suffered from hunger and poverty. There were uprisings and a revolution. But the first president of the new republic was a nephew of Napoleon and completely took after the old emperor.

25 Years Ago: Millennium Coins and the Dawn of a New Era
The transition to a new millennium captivated the numismatic world. Commemorative coins from that time were colourful and bold, as a brief glance at the past led to a high-speed journey into a high-tech future—only for things to turn out differently.
Coins and Mints in Avignon Between Provence and Papacy
The French Society for Numismatic and Archaeological Studies (SÉNA) published the proceedings of their 2017 colloquium. The volume presents various works and studies on the coinage in and around Avignon.
CIT’s Iron Maiden – Piece of Mind
Again CIT pays tribute to the British heavy metal band Iron Maiden. In 2023, CIT’s coin is dedicated to the band’s fourth studio album “Piece of Mind”.